Abstract: The 4d N=4 SYM theory at finite Nc possesses many interesting properties which disappear in the planar limit. However, these properties have not been well-understood because non-planar problems are considered to be non-integrable. In this talk, I will revisit the non-planar operator mixing of N=4 SYM at one-loop from large Nc to small Nc. The large Nc spectrum of anomalous dimensions is related to four-point functions, asymptotic causality of AdS_5 x S^5 spacetime and partial non-planar integrability, while the small Nc spectrum is related to level-crossing, unitarity and bound states of branes. This work is based on the joint work with Yusuke Kimura, arXiv:1503.06210.